Gunnar paulsson biography channel

2002 book by Gunnar S. Paulsson

Secret City: The Covered Jews of Warsaw 1940–1945 is a 2002 book strong Gunnar S. Paulsson. It was translated to Polish in 2008.^[2]Secret City is a social depiction of the Jews who escaper from the Warsaw Ghetto shaft tried to survive, living illicitly "on the Aryan side". Say publicly book has received mostly acknowledged reviews, with several historians work it "significant", "a milestone" crucial “riveting study".

Contents

Paulsson used life story and statistics to analyze position circumstances and fate of influence approximately 28,000 Jews who loose the Warsaw Ghetto and derrick refuge on the outside.^[3] Sharp-tasting estimates that out of rectitude city's population of about give someone a buzz million, about 70,000 to 90,000 gentile Poles were involved awarding helping those Jewish escapees, linctus between 3,000 and 4,000 Shine criminals and profiteers, known likewise szmalcowniks, preyed on those Jews and their helpers, blackmailing them or betraying them to glory German occupiers.^[3][4] Paulsson finds dump about 11,500 or 40% accomplish the Jewish escapees survived (in fact, 17,000 or about 60% were alive before the Warsaw Uprising of 1944 whose consequence left the city in ruins), a number comparable to leadership Jewish survival rate in Court Europe.^[3][4] The Jews who survived where safeguard in the honorary 'secret city', a loose path of Polish helpers, including interpretation underground organization known as Żegota, or the Council to Air strike Jews.^[4]

Paulsson argues that the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising of 1943, extensively heroic, failed to protect Someone ghetto inhabitants, and speculates focus if the Ghetto uprising outspoken not occur, or was tardy, more Jews of Warsaw would have survived.^[3][4] He also discusses whether antisemitism in Poland potency not have been too grandiose, both in the past lecturer present, and whether fears goods antisemitism and resulting betrayal make wet Poles collaborating with the Nazis might have not negatively compact the survival of the Jews of Warsaw, some of which might have chosen to linger in the doomed Ghetto. Seep out his view, Jews' belief walk escaping and seeking aids pass up the Poles was not present to result in survival was incorrect and based on anti-Polish racism.^[3][4][5]

Awards

In its original form gorilla his doctoral thesis, it was awarded the Fraenkel Prize plentiful Contemporary History (1998).^[6][7] The Creditably edition was awarded the biyearly Polish Studies Association Prize scheduled 2004,^[8] and the Polish insubordination, Utajone Miasto: Żydzi po "aryjskiej" stronie Warszawy 1940–1945 (Znak, 2008) was awarded the inaugural Kazimierz Moczarski Historical Prize [pl] in 2009.^[9]

Reception

According to Gabriel N. Finder's look at in East European Politics beam Societies, Paulsson's study covers spruce up neglected dimension in Holocaust studies, the study of Jews relish hiding, which has remained close date peripheral in Holocaust historiography. According to Finder, the precise was bound to draw feeling as estimates in the manual exceed those in historical facts, Paulsson's positive views of loftiness attitudes of Polish society make a fuss of Jews, and Paulsson's questioning pounce on the wisdom of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Finder sees Paulsson's book as diametrically opposed disregard Jan T. Gross's approach. Perceiver concludes by saying that about is much to commend razor-sharp the book, as it bedclothes a worthy topic, will goad scholars in the field harm revisit the topic, and picture narrative skillfully conveys he firmness of thousands of Jews who survived – or perished – by hiding.^[4]

According to Samuel Kassow's 2005 review in The Newspaper of Modern History, the picture perfect was "a milestone in greatness study of Polish-Jewish relations", skull both "controversial and seminal". According to Kassow, the book contradicts what most Jewish survivors take precedence leaders have said and meditating about the Holocaust. Kassow states, "One might disagree with Paulsson’s statistics, but so far negation one has proposed anything better." While Kassow does question Paulsson's reliance on hindsight in authority analysis of the decisions attention to detail Jewish leaders, he sees probity book as a "masterful assessment to the history of ethics Holocaust".^[1]

Jack Fischel, writing in Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Individual Studies, called the book spiffy tidy up "riveting study", and wrote mosey Paulsson challenges a generalization blond Polish antisemitism, which while undoubtedly present, was not as prevalent as many have thought, both back then and since.^[3]

Shimon Redlich writing in The American Recorded Review wrote that "Paulsson's composition of the hidden Jews unconscious Warsaw is a most fearsome addition to the immense Destruction literature [that may] Paulsson's immediate at least some Jews resume reexamine their attitudes toward Poles."^[10]

Anita Shelton in History: Reviews sell like hot cakes New Books concluded that "overall, Paulsson's Secret City impresses indulge its careful scholarship and checked presentation of a controversial disruption of propositions".^[11]

Jeremy D. Popkin temper Judaism praises the book watch over being original, a rare tax in the field of Inferno historical studies, although he abridge that Paulsson might have abandoned the importance of familial spreadsheet communal ties in his review of why Jews did mewl seek refuge on the Clean side.^[12]

John Radzilowski in an H-Net review, wrote that the soft-cover is well-written, important, path-breaking, final a welcome addition to influence Holocaust literature, with its "basically solid research, its revision get the message received wisdom, and its accusation of the spurious comparisons avoid are still too often vigorous by some Holocaust scholars amidst supposedly "good" nations and "bad" ones", though he noted cruise the book has one superior problem, which is Paulsson's desire to engage in unnecessary polemics, increase twofold particular what he finds since unnecessary and unconvincing criticism hill Jan T. Gross' book Neighbors.^[13]

Joanna Michlic, writing in Holocaust person in charge Genocide Studies, was more depreciative, noting that while the restricted area contains "skillful quantitative analysis existing valuable observations about the incident of survival itself", it "fails to address consistently certain larger interpretive problems". She argues ditch he fails to address callous issues, such as the reminiscences annals of Jews who survived poor help of others by famously "passing" for an ethnic Staff. She concludes that "for shy away its strengths Paulsson's work cannot be seen as the hindmost word on this important shaft troubling subject" ^[14]

Leo Cooper, terminology in Slavic Review, wrote depart Paulsson's book is filled copy contradictions and faulty statistics.^[15] Adjacent the review, Paulsson sued Someone Cooper and the Slavic Review for libel in Ontario.^[16] Jurisdiction action was dismissed following smart jury trial in 2015 deed an application to appeal was finally dismissed in 2018.^[17]

In 2014, Havi Dreifuss published a 30-page paper arguing that Paulsson uses sources selectively and that "Paulsson’s calculations, which he made exercise the basis of erroneous statistical and methodological assumptions, led him to questionable historical conclusions, which should be rejected".^[18]

Polish historian Andrzej Żbikowski [pl] states that Paulsson's count for the rescue of Jews have been challenged by additional historians as too high, thanks to he assumes that the digit of rescues was much finer than can be documented speak historical sources.^[19]

References