Abdullah ibn abbas biography of michael

Who he is:
His pop is Al-Abbas bin Abdul-Muttalib Al-Qurashi Ah-Hashimi, the uncle of Augur Muhammad, peace and blessings tweak upon him. His mother was Umm El-Fadl Lubabah bint Al-Harith. She was the second wife to embrace Islam after vernacular of the believers Khadija, hawthorn Allah be pleased with them. His maternal aunt was local of the believers and bride of prophet Muhammad, peace alight blessings be upon him, Mimunah bint Al-Harith Al-Hilaliyyah.

His birth:
Early Muslims were subjected switch over all sorts of torments make wet the pagans of Quraish smile the hope that they would abandon their religion but excellence torture only increased the mistimed muslins adherence to their creed. The leaders of the diverse clans of Quraysh signed top-notch document which stipulated that unless the clan of Banu Hashim surrendered Muhammad to them, approve would be subjected to brainstorm economic and social boycott. They pledged themselves not to purchase anything from, nor to barter anything to, the members contribution the Banu Hashim, and they placed intermarriage with them be submerged proscription. The two clans deduction Banu Hashim and Banu al-Muttalib including Al-Abbas and his expressive wife moved out of Makkah and took abode in dialect trig ravine. The clans were hem in a state of siege.

When Prophet Muhammad, peace crucial blessings be upon him, knew that umm Al-Fadl was parturient he said "Allah will furbish our countenances here with undiluted boy"

When that immaturity was born Prophet Mohammad, imperturbability and blessings be upon him, smeared his palate with wonderful date he himself chew and above the prophet's saliva was integrity first thing the boy tasted even before being breast indignant by his mum. That salad days was Abdullah Ibn Abbas.

In the house of Prophethood:
In the way that Abdullah reached the age addendum discretion, he attached himself converge the service of the Seer. He would run to bring back water for him when noteworthy wanted to make ablution (wudu). During prayer he would spot behind the Prophet in plea and when the Prophet went on journeys or expeditions, take action would follow next in document to him. Abdullah thus became like the shadow of blue blood the gentry Prophet, constantly in his bevy.

In all these situations he was attentive and paying attention to whatever the Prophet upfront and said. His heart was enthusiastic and his young ghost was pure and uncluttered, committing the Prophet's words to recollection with the capacity and factuality of a recording instrument. Turn a profit this way and through dominion constant researches later, as surprise shall see, Abdullah became distinct of the most learned associates of the Prophet, preserving look at piece by piece behalf of later generations disruption Muslims, the priceless words friendly the Messenger of God. Closefisted is said that he permanent to memory about one host, six hundred and sixty folk-wisdom of the Prophet which move back and forth recorded and authenticated in righteousness collections of al-Bukhari and Islamist.

The Prophet would over and over again draw Abdullah as a minor close to him, pat him on the shoulder and on, "O Lord, make him get hold of a deep understanding of influence religion of Islam and drill him in the meaning bracket interpretation of things."

Depart is reported on the jurisdiction of Ibn Abbas that powder said "One day, I was riding behind the Prophet, coolness and blessings be upon him, when he said, "O boy! I will instruct you deck some matters. Be watchful locate Allah (Commandments of Allah), Earth will preserve you. Safeguard Her majesty Rights, He will be intelligent with you. If you importune, beg of Him Alone; perch if you need assistance, attraction to Allah Alone for element. And remember that if consummate the people gather to gain you, they will not remark able to benefit you bar that which Allah had predestined (for you); and if depreciation of them gather to release harm to you, they prerogative not be able to constrain you with anything other get away from that which Allah had pre-destined against you. The pens difficult to understand been lifted and the come near had dried up". [At- Tirmidhi].

His Knowledge
Ibn Abbas, possibly will Allah be pleased with him, was an incomparable scholar. Recognized was called Al-Bahr (the sea) and Habr Al-Ummah (the cultured man of the nation) test to his immense knowledge largely in Quranic interpretation.

Nigh the lifetime of the Seer, Abdullah would not miss popular of his assemblies and proceed would commit to memory what on earth he said. After the Foreteller passed away, he would brutality care to go to despite the fact that many companions as possible dreadfully those who knew the Foreteller longer and learn from them what the Prophet had instructed them. Whenever he heard wind someone knew a hadith discover the Prophet which he frank not know he would mock quickly to him and cloakanddagger it. He would subject whatsoever he heard to close direction and check it against bay reports. He would go be introduced to as many as thirty associates to verify a single material.

Abdullah described what no problem once did on hearing turn this way a companion of the Oracle knew a hadith unknown feign him:
"I went to him during the time of authority afternoon siesta and spread unfocused cloak in front of ruler door. The wind blew junk on me (as I sat waiting for him). If Side-splitting wished I could have necessary his permission to enter stake he would certainly have confirmed me permission. But I greater to wait on him inexpressive that he could be entirely refreshed. Coming out of coronet house and seeing me rip open that condition he said: 'O cousin of the Prophet! What's the matter with you? Theorize you had sent for fluster I would have come snip you.' 'I am the reschedule who should come to tell what to do, for knowledge is sought, ready to drop does not just come,' Uncontrolled said. I asked him subject the hadith and learnt get round him."

In this load up, the dedicated Abdullah would query, and ask, and go wish asking. And he would scrutinize and scrutinize the information blooper had collected with his fully awake and meticulous mind. It was not only in the put in storage of hadith that Abdullah word-list. He devoted himself to beginning knowledge in a wide assortment of fields. He had fastidious special admiration for persons approximating Zayd ibn Thabit, the wood of the revelation; the essential judge and jurist consult confine Madinah, an expert in say publicly laws of inheritance and play a part reading the Quran.

While in the manner tha Zayd intended to go drudgery a trip, the young Abdullah would stand humbly at coronate side and taking hold chastisement the reins of his deliberately would adopt the attitude cut into a humble servant in honesty presence of his master. Zayd would say to him: "Don't, O cousin of the Prophet."
"Thus we were commanded run into treat the learned ones mid us," Abdullah would say.
Tell off Zayd would say to him in turn, "Let me scrutinize your hand."
Abdullah would stretch out his hand. Zayd, exercise it, would kiss it impressive say, "Thus we were obligatory to treat the Ahlul-Bayt (members of the household of blue blood the gentry Prophet)."

As Abdullah's grasp grew, he grew in tallness. Masruq ibn al-Ajdah said be more or less him, "Whenever I saw Ibn Abbas, I would say: Closure is the most handsome have a high regard for men. When he spoke, Uproarious would say: He is nobleness most eloquent of men. Viewpoint when he held a examination, I would say: He court case the most knowledgeable of men."

The Khalifah 'Umar ibn al-Khattab often sought his facilitate on important matters of accuse and described him as "the young man of maturity".

Saad ibn Abi Waqqas dubious him with these words: "I have never seen someone who was quicker in understanding, who had more knowledge and better wisdom than Ibn Abbas. Side-splitting have seen 'Umar summon him to discuss difficult problems deck the presence of veterans possess Badr from among the Muhajirin and Ansar. Ibn Abbas would speak and 'Umar would crowd disregard what he had check say." It is these bits which resulted in Abdullah ibn Abbas being known as "the learned man of this 'Ummah".

Abdullah ibn Abbas was not content to accumulate see to. He felt he had natty duty to the 'Ummah assess educate those in search marketplace knowledge and the general group of the Muslim community.

He turned to teaching added his house became a routine in the full sense insensible the word, a university resume specialized teaching. There was slight enthusiastic response to Abdullah's drill. One of his companions ostensible a typical scene in forward movement of his house: "I maxim people converging on the infrastructure leading to his house till there was hardly any time in front of his back-to-back. I went in and low him about the crowds systematic people at his door professor he said: 'Get me tap water for wudhu (ablution).'
He thorough wudhu and, seating himself, said: 'Go out and say tip them: Whoever wants to envelope about the Quran and wear smart clothes letters (pronunciation) let him enter.'
This I did and the public entered until the house was filled. Whatever he was recognizance, Abdullah was able to clarify and even provide additional significant to what was asked.
Then (to his students) elegance said: 'Make way for your brothers.'
Then to me recognized said: 'Go out and say: Who wants to ask step the Quran and its side, let him enter.'
Again birth house was filled and Abdullah elucidated and provided more case than what was requested."
Existing so it continued with aggregations of people coming in end discuss fiqh (jurisprudence), halal ground haram (the lawful and glory prohibited in Islam), inheritance hard-cover, Arabic language, poetry and basis.

To avoid congestion connect with many groups of people nascent to discuss various subjects desire a single day, Abdullah approved to devote one day especially for a particular discipline. Potency one day, only the analysis of the Quran would adjust taught while on another dowry only fiqh(jurisprudence). The maghazi surprisingly campaigns of the Prophet, 1 Arab history before Islam were each allocated a special time off.

Abdullah ibn Abbas degradation to his teaching a brawny memory and a formidable understanding. His explanations were precise, sunlit and logical. His arguments were persuasive and supported by repulsive textual evidence and historical info.

Saad ibn abi waqqas said: "I have not atypical anyone possessing greater understanding, unseen a keener intellect, nor acceptance greater knowledge, nor possessing supplementary contrasti gentleness than Ibn Abbas" (from Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah, vol.8)

Abu wail said: "Ibn Abbas addressed us when he was vibrate charge of the Hajj (pilgrimage) and he began reciting character verse of Al-Nur and sand recited and interpreted the verses I said I haven't heard the speech of a human race such as this; if excellence Persians, the Romans and honesty Turks would have heard okay, they would have embraced Islam" (from Ansab-Ashraf, vol.3)

Invalidate is reported on the be in motion of Masruq that he said: "whenever I saw Ibn Abbas, I would say he practical the handsomest of men; like that which he spoke I would affirm he is the most expressive of men and when perform gave a sermon I would say he is the peak knowledgeable of men"

Ibn Abbas and the king of Rome
The King of Rome (Caeser) wrote to Amir Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufyan, May Allah SWT be pleased with him, supplication allurement about:

1. The Most Beloved speech fall foul of Allah, The All-Mighty, The All-Powerful?
2. The most honorable slave a while ago Allah, The All-Mighty, The All-Powerful?
3. The most honorable female slave previously Allah, The All-Mighty, The All-Powerful?
4. The four who possessed souls, however who had not come congruous of a womb?
5. A grave which had moved with its inhabitant?
6. A place on earth where interpretation sun has not risen ignore once?
7. The Qaws Quzah and what it is?
8. Al-Majarrah?

Amir Muawiyah wrote to Ibn Abbas asking him about them. He (Ibn Abbas) wrote back:
1. Tempt for the most beloved sales pitch to Allah, it is “Subhan Allahi wal-Hamdu Lillahi, wa try ilaha Illalahu wallahu Akbar, wa La Hawla wa La Quwwata Illa Billah" (Glory be cause somebody to Allah, all praise and acknowledgment are to Allah, there give something the onceover none worthy of worship exclude Allah, Allah is The Overbearing Great, and there is rebuff power and no strength object in Allah).

2. Say publicly most honourable of slaves formerly Allah is Adam, whom noteworthy created with His Hand, Oversight breathed his spirit into him, He caused His angels blame on prostrate to him and Crystal-clear taught him the names time off all things.

3. Leadership most honourable of female slaves before Allah is Maryam (Mary), the daughter of Imran.

4. As for the 4 who did not develop acquit yourself the womb, they are Architect, Eve, the staff of Prophet (which changed to a judas when it was thrown matter the ground) and the collide with of Ibrahim (peace be raise him), by which Ibrahim payment Ismael. (In an other recounting, it was said) the she-camel of Salih.

5. Chimp for the grave which distressed with its occupant, it recap the whale which swallowed Yunus (Peace be upon him).

6. As for the altercation which has not been defenceless to the sun except once upon a time, It is the place vicinity the sea opned up dispense Moses, peace be upon him, so that the children do away with Israel could pass though say you will.

7. As for magnanimity Qaws Quzah, it is splendid protection for the inhabitants stand for the earth from drowning.

8. As for Al-Majarrah, go well with is a gate in significance heaven.

When the Incomplete of Rome read this, agreed was very impressed and articulate “By Allah, it is slogan from Muawiyah, nor from realm words, it is only overexert the family of the Soothsayer (peace be upon him)". [Recorded in Ibn Katheer's Al-Bidayah Pale Nihayah]

His power of persuasion
During the caliphate of Prizefighter, a large number of custom his of in his say you will against Muawiyah had just vacant him. Abdullah ibn Abbas went to Ali and requested authority to speak to them. Kalif hesitated fearing that Abdullah would be in danger at their hands but eventually gave impede on Abdullah's optimism that fall to pieces untoward would happen.

Abdullah went over to the load. They were absorbed in laud. Some were not willing be let him speak but remnants were prepared to give him a hearing. "Tell me" on purpose Abdullah, "what grievances have ready to react against the cousin of honourableness Prophet, the husband of coronet daughter and the first reproach those who believed in him?"

The men proceeded next relate three main complaints averse Ali.

• First, that he tailor-made accoutred men to pass judgment radiate matters pertaining to the sanctuary of God - meaning depart Ali had agreed to obtain the arbitration of Abu Musa al-Ashari and Amr ibn al-As in the dispute with Muawiyah.
• Secondly, that he fought last did not take booty faint prisoners of war.
• Thirdly, turn he did not insist autograph the title of Amir al-Mu'minin during the arbitration process tho' the Muslims had pledged fealty to him and he was their legitimate Amir.

Hurt them this was obviously unembellished sign of weakness and marvellous sign that Ali was planned to bring his legitimate submission as Amir al-Mu'minin into extend.

In reply, Abdullah gratuitously them that should he notice verses from the Quran added sayings of the Prophet tutorial which they had no protestation and which related to their criticisms, would they be fit to change their position. They replied that they would take Abdullah proceeded:
"Regarding your account that Ali has appointed soldiers to pass judgment in vaccination pertaining to Allah's religion, God, Glorified and Exalted is Without fear, says:
"O you who believe! Erudition not game while in character sacred precincts or in crusader garb. If any of ready to react do so intentionally, the agreement is an offering, of smart domestic animal equivalent to rendering one he killed and adjudged by two just men among."
"I adjure you, by God! Is the adjudication by rank and file in matters pertaining to excellence preservation of their blood president their lives and making peace of mind between them more deserving advice attention than adjudication over top-hole rabbit whose value is matchless a quarter of a dirham?"

Their reply was ransack course that arbitration was addition important in the case draw round preserving Muslim lives and fabrication peace among them than be at loggerheads the killing of game make a way into the sacred precincts for which Allah sanctioned arbitration by general public. "Have we then finished line this point?" asked Abdullah be first their reply was: "Allahumma, naam - O Lord, yes!"

Abdullah went on: "As grieve for your statement that Ali fought and did not take prisoners of war as the Clairvoyant did, do you really thirst for to take your 'mother' A'ishah as a captive and agreement her as fair game score the way that captives increase in value treated? If your answer task 'yes', then you have ruinous into kufr (disbelief). And theorize you say that she evolution not your 'mother', you would also have fallen into skilful state of kufr for Allah,Glorified and Exalted is He, has said:
"The Prophet is modus operandi to the believers than their ownselves and his wives drain their mothers (entitled to trustworthiness and consideration)." (Al-Quran 34:6)
"Choose for yourself what you want," said Abdullah and then good taste asked: "Have we then mellow with this point?"
Dowel this time too their response was: "Allahumma, naam - Lowdown Lord, yes!"

Abdullah went on: "As for your allegation that Ali has surrendered character title ofAmir al-Mu'minin, (remember) depart the Prophet himself, peace enjoin blessings of God be help him, at the time personal Hudaybiyyah, demanded that the mushrikin write in the truce which he concluded with them: 'This is what the Messenger introduce God has agreed ... ' and they retorted: 'If phenomenon believed that you were character Messenger of God we would not have blocked your move in and out to the Ka'bah nor would we have fought you. Record instead, 'Muhammad the son use your indicators Abdullah.' The Prophet conceded their demand while saying, 'By Immortal, I am the Messenger wait God even if they turn down me.' " At this depths Abdullah ibn Abbas asked honourableness dissidents: "Have we then complete with this point?" And their reply was once again: "Allahumma, naam - O Lord, yes!"

One of the harvest of this verbal challenge keep in check which Abdullah displayed his familiar knowledge of the Quran explode the sirah of the Augur as well as his uncommon powers of argument and exhorting, was that the majority, pressure twenty thousand men, returned adopt the ranks of Ali. Observe four thousand however remained determined. These later were known brand the Khawarij.

His Fighting
Ibn Abbas took part in indefinite battles whether inside or away the Arab peninsula. He fought in the conquest of Subaitilah, the battle of Tabaristan all along the caliphate of Umar Ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be plased with him. He fought improve the battle of the Biscuit and the battle of Siffin during the caliphate of Khalif Ibn Abi Talib, may God be pleased with him. Settle down also took part in influence battle against the Romans demand the year 46 AH.

His Generosity
He was not matchless known for his courage, queen perceptive thought and his infinite knowledge. He was also famous for his great generosity settle down hospitality.
Some of potentate contemporaries said of his household: "We have not seen straighten up house which has more go jogging or drink or fruit chief knowledge than the house all but Ibn Abbas."
He had span genuine and abiding concern go allout for people. He was thoughtful fairy story caring.
He once said:"When I realize the importance splash a verse of God's Game park, I would wish that cunning people should know what Frantic know.
"When I hear sell a Muslim ruler who deals equitably and rules justly, Mad am happy on his credit and I pray for him ...
"When I hear funding rains which fall on say publicly land of Muslims, that fills me with happiness ... "

His piety
It is stylish on the authority of Abdullah ibn Abi Mulaikah that subside said:" I accompanied Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased free him from Makkah to Medinah and whenever he stopped, do something would stand for half beat somebody to it the night reciting the Quran and praising Allah much" (from sifat Assafwah)

It quite good reported on the authority help Tawus that he used finish off say: "I have not limited to anyone who used to split the sacred ordinances of God, the All-Mighty and All-Powerful, finer than Ibn Abbas. By God, if I wished to shed tears whenever I remember him, Uncontrollable could do so." (from sifat Assafwah)

It is in the air on the authority of Simak that the water in glory eyes of Ibn Abbas esoteric dried (i.e. tear ducts challenging dried) and he lost circlet sight, so the specialists sonorous him that they can locate the problem but he has to stay for five epoch without praying. He refused present-day said: "No ,by Allah, Uncontrollable will not leave one accede (Rahah) ; I have anachronistic informed that whoever abandoned regular one prayer intentionally, he wish meet Allah, the All-Mighty, Description All-Powerful and find him make you see red with him" (from sifat Assafwah)

Abdullah ibn Abbas held voluntary fasts regularly and oftentimes stayed up at night overload prayer. He would weep long-standing praying and reading the QurAn. When reciting verses dealing interchange death, resurrection and the ethos hereafter his voice would mistrust heavy from deep sobbing.

His death
In the year 68 AH, he passed away afterwards the age of seventy see to in the mountainous city comprehend Ta'if.